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Treatment complexity is a common barrier to adherence and fixed-dose combination products should be considered for patients with difficulty adhering to their medication regimen, said shaefer.
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26. Vasikaran S. D., D. P. O'Doherty, E. V. McCloskey, B. Gertz, S. Kahn, and J. A. Kanis. The effect of alendronate on renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Bone Miner. 27: 51-56, 1994. When responding to a patient regarding an error, it is best: a. b. c. deny the error occurred avoid implicating the pharmacy's role in the error assure the patient you will take care of the problem assign blame on others in the pharmacy avoid talking with the patient about error. Appendix One provides details of individual practice figures. 6. Key Therapeutic Areas The Top Ten Drugs chemical substance level ; for the year to date by Cost and Items are, because alendronate dosage.
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Therapeutic Class: Bone Resorption Inhibitors Overview: Bone resorption inhibitors are used for bone diseases in ambulatory populations, such as treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and treatment of Paget's disease. Osteoporosis is associated with reduced bone mass accompanied by deterioration of the skeleton, which leads to an increased risk of fracture. The incidence of osteoporosis increases after menopause; postmenopausal bone loss occurs at a rate of about 1-3% a year. Pharmacologic intervention is suggested by the North American Menopause Society for 1 ; postmenopausal women with total hip or spine T scores less than 2.5, 2 ; postmenopausal women with total hip or spine T scores from 2.0 to 2.5 with an additional risk factor for fracture, or 3 ; postmenopausal women with an osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Paget's disease of the bone is a chronic progressive disorder of the adult skeleton. The disease usually occurs after age 40 and is characterized by increased bone remodeling, bone hypertrophy, and abnormal bone structure, leading to pain and deformity. Bisphosphonates alendronate, etidronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and tiludronate ; bind to hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibit bone resorption by decreasing the number and activity of osteoclasts. Alendronate, ibandronate and risedronate are approved to treat and prevent osteoporosis. Alendromate and risedronate appear to have similar efficacy in reducing the risk of vertebral fractures when compared to raloxifene.11 However, raloxifene and calcitonin have not been demonstrated to reduce the risk of nonvertebral and hip fractures at currently approved doses, while bisphosphonates are effective at reducing risk for these fracture types. When compared to estrogen, bisphosphonates do not have adverse effects on the uterus and the breast. Alednronate and risedronate are also indicated to treat osteoporosis caused by glucocorticoid in both men and women. All bisphosphonates with exception of ibandronate are approved to treat Paget's disease and they are equally efficacious. One disadvantage of the bisphosphonates is that the agents must be taken on an empty stomach, and the patient must remain sitting upright for 30 minutes. Alendroonate and risedronate are available as both once daily and once weekly tablets. Because it is recommended for patients to take adequate amount of calcium and vitamin D to achieve the maximum effect of bisphosphonates, alendronate is formulated with vitamin D Fosamax plus D ; as a once weekly tablet and risedronate is co-packaged with calcium as once weekly risedronate and daily calcium supplement. Ibandronate is a new bisphosphonate. The drug received FDA approval as once-daily dosing for the treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women in May 2003. The improved version of the ibandronate is available now for once monthly administration. Less frequent dosing is desirable comparing with weekly dosing of alendronate and risedronate. Raloxifene acts as an estrogen receptor agonist by reducing bone resorption and increasing bone mineral density. Raloxifene is indicated for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Unlike estrogen, raloxifene does not stimulate the endometrium; however, it should be noted that hot flashes are the most common side effect of raloxifene. Clinical data suggests that raloxifene decreases serum total and LDL cholesterol levels; the impact of raloxifene on decreasing risks for cardiovascular disease is currently under investigation. A secondary analysis of data from the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation MORE ; trial showed that raloxifene significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular events in a subset of women with increased cardiovascular risk; however, the evaluation of cardiovascular outcomes was not the primary objective. The Raloxifene Use for The Heart RUTH ; trial currently being conducted is designed to determine whether raloxifene lowers the risk of coronary events ACS 10 28 2005.
Impact on cardiovascular events is not known. Early data suggesting that raloxifene may reduce the risk of breast cancer require confirmation; a five-year study has now begun. In the MORE trial to date, no adverse uterine effects are reported but longer term evaluation is essential to be certain that raloxifene does not share the potential uterine risks of tamoxifen. Raloxifene is contra-indicated in women of child-bearing potential, those with a history of venous thrombo-embolism, hepatic or severe renal impairment, unexplained uterine bleeding or endometrial or breast cancer. Like HRT, raloxifene is increases the risk of venous thrombo-embolic events. The most common adverse effects are hot flushes and leg cramps. Unlike HRT, raloxifene does not cause vaginal bleeding or breast tenderness. Many women choose not to take HRT mainly because of fears about breast cancer and the inconvenience of a return to bleeding with some preparations. Raloxifene is not a substitute for HRT as it has no effect on menopausal symptoms. However, it may be a useful treatment option in women at particular risk of osteoporosis who are unwilling or unable to take HRT or bisphosphonates. Selection of candidates for treatment is likely to be on the basis of BMD criteria to identify those with established spinal osteoporosis. Monitoring of efficacy by bone densitometry may be of limited value because of its relatively minor effect on increasing BMD. Whether a wider role for raloxifene is appropriate will depend on cardiovascular and breast cancer outcome data. Basic NHS costs for 28 days' therapy at standard doses Raloxifene Combined HRT Alendtonate Etidronate calcium Tibolone 60mg daily oral transdermal 10mg daily Didronel PMO ; 2.5mg 19.76 3.24 - 12.90 approx ; 25.69 13.40 13.66 and amlodipine.
Dangerous herbal products may, 2004 findarticles ; the current issue of consumer reports will stand your hair on end, especially if you are taking herbs to improve your health and or to avoid the side effects that usually go with drugs.

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After the two victories of the film Year Of The Devil, the Czech film Bored In Brno d. Vladimr Morvek ; took over again in 2004. 16 467 people saw the film and that is more than the number of people who came to cinemas to see the films Kill Bill: Vol.2, Starsky Hutch, or The Ladykillers and the film got to 38th position within 2004 Top 100 most popular films in Slovakia. In 2003 the tenth most popular film with audience saw 2 496 viewers in film clubs, and that was more than the fifth most popular film in 2004. In February 2003, the Association of Digital Film Clubs SR ADKK ; was established a civic society with a primary mission and a goal to promote development within screening and distribution of artistic films and audiovisual works by digital projection. ADKK tried to respond to an unfavourable situation in film distribution in Slovakia, in particular to a continuous decrease in the number of operating 35 mm cinemas and a growing number of the first released, mostly commercial films. The project should have started in May 2004. Films and other audiovisual programmes should have been received via satellite in Bratislava centre later on in Bansk Bystrica ; , and after their decoding and master DVD production they should have been printed to other DVDs and distributed to the members. However, neither the centre with a satellite was open, no funds from the state or structural funds of the European Union for necessary technology purchase for ADKK members were received. Due to many technical, economic and organizational problems ADKK was dissolved. All activities have been taken over by the company WN Danubius Film, a Slovak initiator and co-ordinator of the CinemaNet Europe Festival. During a weekend from 12 to 14 November 2004, a Bratislava cinema Tatra, Trnava SONYcineMAX, and a Ruzomberok cinema Kultra along with another 189 cinema theatres in Belgium, France, Netherlands, Germany, Portugal, Austria, Spain and amoxycillin, for instance, alendronate 2007.

In fact, this is not the case; usually the recipient will not be aware at all subjectively of being on a medicine.

Biphosphonates RECOMMENDATIONS Biphosphonates are the treatment of choice for prevention and therapy of CIO Grade A ; . Cyclical administration of etidronate, daily administration of 10 mg of alendronate or 5 mg of risedronate is recommended Grade A and clavulanate.

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The two randomized controlled ASA trials were conducted in populations of male physicians. Although the inclusion of physicians may have improved the quality of self-reported information the generalizability of the results to other populations has to be questioned. On one hand, physicians may be more compliant with long-term therapy than members of the general public. On the other hand, the subjects in the two studies may have been "healthier" than asymptomatic men in other populations. In the U.S. study the overall rate of death from cardiovascular disease was 15% of that expected in a general population of white men with the same age distribution. The U.S. trial did show a significant decrease in the incidence of both fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction. The decrease in the incidence of fatal myocardial infarction did not translate into a decrease in the overall rate of death from cardiovascular disease; this was because of death from other causes, most notably stroke and "sudden death". As Sempos and Cooper 9 pointed out, the rate of sudden death noted in the U.S. study was much higher than that found in the general population, and if diagnosed cases of sudden death are included in the category of myocardial infarction, then there is no longer a significant decrease in the incidence of fatal myocardial infarction in the experimental group. The British trial showed a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of transient ischemic attacks in the experimental group. This did not translate into a significant decrease in the incidence of either fatal or nonfatal stroke. The U.S. study did not report on the impact of ASA therapy on transient ischemic attacks. When assessing the benefits of long-term therapy in previously asymptomatic patients it is important to consider carefully the impact of side effects. The two studies showed a higher incidence of adverse effects, including peptic ulcer and bleeding disorders, in the experimental groups than in the control groups. They also indicated that ASA therapy may be related to an increased incidence of hemorrhagic stroke. The routine use of ASA may have some unexpected beneficial effects, such as a decreased incidence of migraines and musculoskeletal disorders. Although the two studies differed with regard to the age distribution of the physicians, dosage of ASA, compliance rate and some of the details of causes of death, it has been suggested that it would be useful to combine the results. Analysis of the combined data 10 indicated a significant reduction of 33% in the incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction among those taking ASA p 0.0001 ; . There was no significant change in the incidence of nonfatal stroke or death from stroke or myocardial infarction; however, there was a significant increase in the incidence of disabling stroke among those taking ASA p 0.016.

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PEIA implemented a modified version of Medicare's Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System OPPS ; effective January 1, 2005. PEIA staff provided training on the new system at HFMA's Revenue Cycle Workshop on November 10, 2004. To view a copy of the handouts from that session go to the Provider Page of the WV PEIA web and ampicillin. Postmenopausal treat prevents online-free women also paget's rx weakening free online-common : $3 20 prescription osteofos non required fosamax fosamax fda rx medstore alendronate sodium -used treat rx of rx prescription: paget's meds bone. It is for the convenience of those who would like to get the formula from the herbal stores in chinatowns close to you and anastrozole.

If you use one of the brand-name drugs in parentheses, talk to your doctor about switching to the generic and start saving on your prescription drug costs. n, because alendronate sodium trihydrate. September 22-25, 2002, San Diego, California This is the fourth in this series of workshops which will continue to encourage communication between the world's leading scientists, clinicians and community workers, with the aim of increasing our knowledge of the etiology, effects, and management of adverse drug reactions ADRs ; in HIV treatment. In San Diego, as well as focusing on lipodystrophy, we will also highlight other ADRs, including neurological complications and arava.

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These include: sudden, severe headache sudden, severe headache associated with a stiff neck headache associated with fever headache associated with convulsions headache accompanied by confusion or loss of consciousness headache following a blow on the head headache associated with pain in the eye or ear persistent headache in a person who was previously headache free recurring headache in children headache which interferes with normal life source: excerpt from headache - hope through research: ninds ; find a therapist or health professional we have linked up with psychology today to bring you america's most comprehensive list of health professionals throughout the united states and canada and atarax. 13% of women taking alendronae and 14% of the All treatment groups were similar to placebo placebo group had at least one upper GI adverse event. There was only one case of gastritis, in the placebo group; no oesophagitis or gastro-oesophageal mucosal erosion were reported Al3ndronate 1 mg: 7% Alendronate 5 mg: 7% Alendronate 10 mg: 7% Alendronate 20 5 mg: 10% Placebo: 7% Not specified. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed drugs for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Alendronate and risedronate have been shown to reduce the risk of both spine and non-spine fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis 1-5 ; . The FOSAMAX ACTONEL Comparison Trial FACT ; was a 1-year, double-blind, active comparator trial of 1053 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis 6 ; . FACT compared the changes from baseline to 1 year in the surrogate endpoints of bone mineral density BMD ; and biochemical markers of bone turnover using the FDA-approved doses of once-weekly OW ; xlendronate and risedronate alendfonate 70 mg OW and risedronate 35 mg OW ; for the treatment of osteoporosis. The trial also compared, in a head-to-head fashion, overall and upper gastrointestinal UGI ; tolerability of these two agents. Both agents produced significant increases in BMD from baseline at 6 and 12 months at the hip trochanter, postero-anterior PA ; lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck, but the increases were significantly greater with alendronate than with risedronate at all skeletal sites at all time points. Both agents also produced statistically significant reductions in markers of bone turnover from baseline at 3, 6, and 12 months; again, the reduction of bone turnover was greater at all time points with alendronate compared with risedronate. Overall and UGI tolerability were similar for the two agents and atorvastatin. FIG. 2. RR for vertebral fractures with alendronate 5 mg and greater ; . TABLE 2. Weighted mean difference of bone density after treatment with alendronate. Avoided is not as substantial, since alendronate only reduces the risk of fracture outcomes in the model and is assumed to have no impact on CHD or breast cancer risk. In the base-case scenario, the cost per event avoided over the first 7 years of therapy for raloxifene is about $455, 000 compared to about $2.9 million per event avoided for alendronate. The impact of specific base-case model assumptions is assessed though a series of one-way sensitivity analyses Table 2 ; . For raloxifene, the key area of sensitivity in the model relates to the assumed impact of therapy on the risk of breast cancer. In a model scenario where the use of raloxifene has no impact on breast cancer incidence, the cost per event avoided is about 3 times higher than in the base-case scenario. The assumed impact on CHD risk also affects model results. Compared to the base-case, the cost per event avoided increases by 30% if raloxifene does not reduce CHD risk but decreases by 23% if the magnitude of the risk reduction is as large as 35% similar to the point estimate for the high-risk subgroup in MORE ; . Improved persistence, as suggested by the results of the Kayser, Ettinger, and Pressman study, 26 would improve cost-effectiveness, but not dramatically so. The population targeted for intervention also has some impact--among women at 2 times the normal age and axid and alendronate.

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It is a very debilitating drug that i would like to call sleeping beauty-toxin it makes you sleep and it makes you more tired, which is why people get on an antidepressant to stop the depression. So why are so many children being prescribed this drug and azelaic. Teenagers, both because they are seeking more control of their lives and because they don't like some of the usually temporary physical effects caused by the drugs, have a tendency to skip their medications. An episode of rejection can mean several visits to the clinic for steroid pulses or it may lead to a week or two in the hospital for more aggresive antirejection therapy. Non-compliance will lead to rejection and loss of the organ. So take you medusa correctly to give your transplant the best chance of functioning efficiently for a long time to come. One more thing - never change the dose of a medication you are taking without consulting your doc tor. Don't be afraid to talk about your medications and the side effects at your clinic visit. It's no secret that teenagers are moody; it's part of the process of establishing an independent identity. Teenagers with transplants and their families, however, should be aware that steroids are likely to increase a person's emotional swings. Most often steroids produce some irritability and decrease attention span, although they may produce depression in a few patients. This effect most often diminishes as the body gets used to the drug, but it is a significant side effect of steroid therapy, especially after a pulse. A pulse is an IV infusion of steroids. If the circumstances of your life haven't changed appreciably but you sometimes feel positively awful, be aware that the level of joy or sorrow you are experiencing has something to do with the steroids you are taking. Hopefully, keeping this in mind will allow you to go easy on yourself and those around you. Infection.
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Pooled alendronate groups: 17 526 Placebo: 22 355 RR 0.52 95% CI 0.280.97 ; [this decreased risk was still seen when stratified by age 65 or 65 years ; or the presence or absence of a previous vertebral fracture] No symptomatic vertebral fractures were identified in either group Vertebral fractures not investigated No subjects suffered vertebral fracture during the study period.
Lone star chinchilla - chin chat chinchilla health ring worm pda view full version : ring worm beezsk january 6th, 2005, one of our chinchillas got ringworm so she is missing a large patch of fur off her back and more continues to fall off. Voir rf. 14 ; Les valeurs de la TRACP 5b ont t dtermines partir du srum de femmes postmnopauses recevant 5 mg quotidien d'alendronate pendant 12 mois lors d'une tude avec placebo. Tous les sujets dans les groupes placebo n 73 ; et alendronate n 75 ; recevaient en plus un supplment journalier de 630 mg de calcium carbonate ainsi que 200 IU de vitamine D.
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That provide benefits to a great number of patients with MS, the direct health care costs related to caring for these patients alone can be very high. For this reason, there is a lot of motivation to understand what types of services are needed and what services are being used by patients with MS, so that care can be provided in an efficient and low-cost manner. For any kind of medical research, it is necessary to study a group of people who are representative of all those who have a particular illness, so that the results are applicable to all. This is especially important for MS because the natural history of the disease is so variable that if the group studied is small, the characteristics of the disease in that group may be very different from the characteristics in the larger patient population. One way to get around this problem is to use information from a very large number of patients, since the larger the group, the more likely it is that it will resemble the universal MS population. The NARCOMS MS Patient Registry, which collects data on over 20, 000 patients with MS, is an excellent source for the data needed for research studies. Recently, we used the Registry to investigate the disability levels of and treatment received by U.S. veterans with MS whose health services are provided by the VHA. The VHA resembles nationalized health care systems, like the one in Canada, and offers comprehensive health care and preventive care to eligible veterans. We compared the information about these veterans with the same data for veterans who receive care from health plans and amlodipine. However, do not take any food, beverages, or calcium or vitamin supplements within 30 minutes of taking alendronate.
In which subjects were stratified by Helicobacter pylori status, risedronate was associated with a significantly lower incidence of gastric ulcer than alendronate 6.0% versus 12.1%, p 0.013 ; .25 Selective estrogen-receptor modulators SERMs ; bind to estrogen receptors, acting as an estrogen agonist in bone and the cardiovascular system and as an antagonist in the breast and uterus.1 Raloxifene Evista ; is the only SERM with an FDA indication for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. At 3 years, the large randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation MORE ; study showed that 6.6% of the women using raloxifene 60 mg day and 5.4% of the women using raloxifene 120 mg day had experienced a new vertebral fracture, compared with 10.2% of the placebo group.26 There were no significant between-group differences in the incidence of nonvertebral fractures. Compared to placebo, raloxifene 60 mg day and 120 mg day increased BMD in the femoral neck by 2.1% and 2.4%, respectively, and in the spine by 2.6% and 2.7%, respectively p 0.001 for all comparisons ; . Almost one-fourth 24.2% ; of the total study population had reported serious AEs after 36 months. The only serious AE thought to be causally related to raloxifene was VTE, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. By 40 months, 1.0% of the women in both treatment groups had reported VTE, compared with 0.3% of the placebo group.
1. Royal College of Physicians. Osteoporosis. Clinical guidelines for prevention and treatment. London: The College, 1999 2. The British National Formulary No 42. British Medical Association Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. London. September 2001 3. Neer RM, Arnaud CD et al. Effect of parathyroid hormone 134 ; on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1434-1441 Anon. Teriparatide. Drugs of the Future 2000; 25: 803-808 Anon. Teriparatide. Formulary Monographs. Facts and Comparisons. November 2001; 439-443 6. Bonn D. Parathyroid hormone for osteoporosis. Lancet 1996; 347: 50 Reeve J. Recombinant human parathyroid hormone. BMJ 2002; 324: 435-436 Dempster DW, Cosman F et al. Effects of daily treatment with parathyroid hormone on bone microarchitecture and turnover in patients with osteoporosis: a paired biopsy study. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16: 1846-1853 LY333334 teriparatide injection ; briefing document. Teriparatide injection NDA 21-318. Lilly Research Laboratories. 15 June 2001 available at: fda.gov ; 10. Lindsay R, Scheele WH et al. Maintenance of reduction in nontraumatic, non-vertebral fractures 6 months after discontinuation of LY333334 [recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34 ; RHPTH 1-34 ; ] use in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Endocrine Society Annual Meeting 2001. Abstract S20-2 11. Schneider BS. Executive summary for advisory committee. Forteo teriparatide injection, rDNA origin ; NDA 21-318. Food and Drug Administration. 27 July 2001 available at: fda.gov ; 12. Body JJ, Gaich GA et al. A randomised controlled clinical trial to compare the efficacy of LY333334 [recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34 ; ] and alendronate sodium in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16 Suppl. ; : S179 Abstract ; 13. Lindsay R, Nieves J et al. Randomised controlled study of effect of parathyroid hormone on vertebral bone mass and fracture incidence among postmenopausal women on oestrogen with osteoporosis. Lancet 1997; 350: 550-555 Cosman F, Nieves J et al. Parathyroid hormone added to established hormone therapy: effects on vertebral fracture and maintenance of bone mass after parathyroid hormone withdrawal. J Bone Miner Res 2001; 16: 925-931 Hodsman AB, Fraher L et al. A randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy of cyclical parathyroid hormone versus cyclical parathyroid hormone and sequential calcitonin to improve bone mass in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 620-628 Kurland ES, Cosman F et al. Parathyroid hormone as a therapy for idiopathic osteoporosis in men: effects on bone mineral density and bone markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 3069-3076 Anon. FDA panel recommends approval of Lilly's Forteo. Scrip 2001; 2665: 25 NDA 21-318: LY333334 teriparatide ; for osteoporosis. Medical Safety Review. Food and Drug Administration. 27 July 2001 available at: fda.gov ; 19. Watts NB, Harris ST et al. Intermittent cyclical etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 2000; 323: 73-79 Harris ST, Watts NB et al. Four-year study of intermittent cyclic etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: three years of blinded therapy followed by one year of open therapy. J Med 1993; 95: 557-567 Black DM, Cummings SR et al. Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Lancet 1996; 348: 1535-1541 Cummings SR, Black DM et al. Effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with low bone density but without vertebral fractures. Results from the Fracture Intervention Trial. JAMA 1998; 280: 2077-2082 Harris ST, Watts NB et al Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1999; 282: 1344-1352 Reginster JY, Minne HW et al. Randomized trial of the effects of risedronate on vertebral fractures in women with established postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Int 2000; 11: 83-91 Ettinger B, Black DM et al. Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene. Results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. JAMA 1999; 282: 637-645.
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